WIKI BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE & BATTERIES
The specific power, or gravimetric power density, indicates the charging capacity. Power tool batteries are designed for high specific power and are supplied with reduced specific energy (capacity). Figure 1 illustrates the relationship between specific energy (water in the bottle) and specific power (spout).
The water in the bottle represents the specific energy (capacity); the spout that flows the water out determines the specific power.
An energy storage device or battery can have high specific energy (Wh/kg) but poor specific power (W/kg), as is the case with hydrogen cells, for example, or low specific energy but high specific power, as with a supercapacitor (ultracapacitor).
Power density is the amount of power (time rate of energy transfer) per unit volume.
For energy conversions, including batteries, fuel cells, motors, power supply units, etc., power density refers to a volume, where it is often referred to as volume power density and is expressed in W/m³ or W/L.
For energy conversions, including batteries, fuel cells, motors, power supply units, etc., power density refers to a volume, where it is often referred to as volume power density and expressed in W/m3 or W/L.
For reciprocating internal combustion engines, power density (power per displacement or brake power per cubic centimeter) is an important metric that relates to the internal capacity of the engine rather than its external size.
The power can also be related to the mass of the energy storage device, i.e., the power density can be expressed in W/kg, which is the specific power density.
Special designations are specific power or gravimetric power density (which is the same).
This quantity is particularly relevant for vehicles and mobile devices, and has recently played an important role in electric mobility and electric cars.
Compared to batteries, Supercapacitors (Ultracapacitor) in particular, have high-power densities. Moreover, some types of batteries can deliver high power.
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